Muhammad ibn Tughj al-Ikhshid founded the Ikhshidid dynasty. The Abbasid Caliph al-Radi Billah granted him land and gave him the title “Ikhshid,” meaning “king” in the language of the Fergana Region, from which the kings of this dynasty originate. The Ikhshid rule continued in Egypt for about thirty-five years, and eventually, Muhammad ibn Tughj gained his independence from the Abbasid state. Egypt flourished culturally and economically due to Egypt’s political independence.
